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Empirical distribution function : ウィキペディア英語版
Empirical distribution function

In statistics, the empirical distribution function is the distribution function associated with the empirical measure of the sample. This cumulative distribution function is a step function that jumps up by at each of the data points. The empirical distribution function estimates the cumulative distribution function underlying of the points in the sample and converges with probability 1 according to the Glivenko–Cantelli theorem. A number of results exist to quantify the rate of convergence of the empirical distribution function to the underlying cumulative distribution function.
== Definition ==
Let be independent, identically distributed real random variables with the common cumulative distribution function . Then the empirical distribution function is defined as 〔(PlanetMath )〕
:
\hat F_n(t) = \fracn =
\frac \sum_^n \mathbf_,

where \mathbf_ is the indicator of event . For a fixed , the indicator \mathbf_ is a Bernoulli random variable with parameter , hence \scriptstyle n \hat F_n(t) is a binomial random variable with mean and variance . This implies that \scriptstyle \hat F_n(t) is an unbiased estimator for .
However, in some textbooks,〔Coles, S. (2001) ''An Introduction to Statistical Modeling of Extreme Values''. Springer, p. 36, Definition 2.4. ISBN 978-1-4471-3675-0.〕〔Madsen, H.O., Krenk, S., Lind, S.C. (2006) ''Methods of Structural Safety''. Dover Publications. p. 148-149. ISBN 0486445976〕 the definition is given as
\hat F_n(t) =
\frac \sum_^n \mathbf_


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